伟大的英国剧作家、诗人威廉·莎士比亚1564年生于英国中部瓦维克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福。其父约翰·莎士比亚是经营羊毛、皮革制造及谷物生意的杂货商,1565年任镇民政官,3年后被选为镇长。莎士比亚幼年在当地文法学校读书。历史学家乔治·斯蒂文森说,后人从这些文字资料中大概勾勒出莎士比亚的生活轨迹:13岁时家道中落,此后辍学经商,22岁时前往伦敦,在剧院工作,后来成为演员和剧作家;1597年重返家乡购置房产,度过人生最后时光。他虽受过良好的基本教育,但是未上过大学。1582年,18岁中,列举莎士比亚35岁以前的剧作,称赞他的喜剧、悲剧都“无与伦比”,能和古代第一流戏剧诗人们并称。但他生前没出版过自己的剧作。1596年,他以他父亲的名义申请到“绅士”称号和拥有纹章的权利,又先后3次购置了可观的房地产。1603年,詹姆士一世继位,他的剧团改称“国王供奉剧团”,他和团中演员被任命为御前侍从。莎士比亚在伦敦住了二十多年,而在此期间他的妻子仍一直呆在斯特拉福。他在接近天命之年时隐退回归故里斯特拉福(1612年左右)。1616年4月23日莎士比亚在其五十二岁生日前后不幸去世,葬于圣三一教堂。死前留有遗嘱。他的两个据说比较可靠的肖像是教堂中的半身塑像和德罗肖特画像,手迹则有6份签名和《托马斯·莫尔爵士》一剧中三页手稿。1623年,演员J·海明和H·康代尔把他的剧作印成对开本,收进36出戏(其中20出是首次付印),号称“第一对开本”。从1772年开始,有人对于莎剧的作者不断提出过疑问,并且企图证实作者是培根、C·马洛、勒特兰伯爵、牛津伯爵、德比伯爵、等等,但都缺乏证据。莎士比亚是著名的同性恋者,他的十四行诗全部都是写给他的同性*爱人的.据英媒体报道,最近一位英国收藏家重新确认了一幅家藏油画的画中人身份,原来这名美艳“女子”不是别人,正是莎翁传说中的同性*恋情侣——南安普顿伯爵三世亨利·里奥谢思利。发现这幅“惊世”油画的科布家族家藏甚丰,继承了全部艺术品收藏的阿莱克·科布在接受记者采访时表示,自己从儿时起一直以为画中人是位名叫诺顿的贵妇,因为在这幅油画的背面赫然写着诺顿夫人的字样。但几年前,一位偶然来访的艺术收藏家告诉科布,他认为画中人并非女性*,而是易容扮作女性*的须眉。一席话惊醒梦中人,科布开始重新审视其真实身份,直到今年年初才终于揭开谜底。这幅油画的历史可以追溯到16世纪末,画中的南安普顿伯爵涂脂抹粉,嘴唇上抹着唇膏,左耳还戴着精致的耳环,手抚披散到胸前的长发,看上去一派女人风情。英国历史文物权威机构“全国托管协会”已确认油画为真迹,此画完成于1590年至1593年,当时莎士比亚正住在南安普顿伯爵三世的府上。尽管一代文豪莎翁娶了安娜·哈撒韦,但他的真正性*取向一直是文学批评家争议不绝的话题。50条莎士比亚的名言。南安普顿伯爵为同性恋的传说由来已久,他与莎翁的关系更是扑朔迷离。伯爵曾招待莎翁入住自己的寓所,莎翁著名的《十四行诗集》又是献给一位俊俏不凡、“美若女子”的年轻男子。不少史学家早已考据,莎翁诗中的倾慕之情大有可能是投向这位易容扮女人的英俊男友。 # So is it not with me as with that Muse,Stirred by a painted beauty to his verse,Who heaven itself for ornament doth use,And every fair with his fair doth rehearse;Making a couplement of proud compareWith sun and moon, with earth and sea's rich gems,With April's first-born flowers, and all things rareThat heaven's air in this huge rondure hems.O, let me true in love but truly write,And then believe me, my love is as fairAs any mother's child, though not so brightAs those gold candles fixed in heaven's air: Let them say more that like of hearsay well; I will not praise that purpose not to sell. #我跟那位诗人可完全不同,他一见脂粉美人就要歌吟;说这美人的装饰品竟是苍穹,铺陈种种美来描绘他的美人;并且作着各种夸张的对比,比之为太阳,月亮,海陆的珍宝,比之为四月的鲜花,以及被大气用来镶天球的边儿的一切奇妙。我呵,忠于爱,也得忠实地写述,请相信,我的爱人跟无论哪位母亲的孩子一样美,尽管不如凝在天上的金烛台那样光辉: 人们尽可以把那类空话说个够; 我这又不是叫卖,何必夸海口。 #My glass shall not persuade me I am old,So long as youth and thou are of one date,But when in thee Time's furrows I behold,Then look I death my days should expiate. For all that beauty that doth cover theeIs but the seemly raiment of my heart,Which in thy breast doth live, as thine in me.How can I then be elder than thou art?O, therefore, love, be of thyself so waryAs I, not for myself, but for thee will,Bearing thy heart, which I will keep so charyAs tender nurse her babe from faring ill. Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain; Thou gav'st me thine, not to give back again. #只要你还保持着你的青春,镜子就无法使我相信我老;我要在你的脸上见到了皱纹,才相信我的死期即将来到。因为那裹着你一身的全部美丽只是我胸中这颗心合适的衣裳,我俩的心儿都交换在对方的胸膛里;那么,我怎么还能够比你年长?所以,我爱呵,你得当心你自身像我当心我(为你,不为我)那样;我将小心在胸中守着你的心,像乳娘情深,守护着婴儿无恙。 我的心一死,你的心就失去依据; 你把心给了我,不能再收它回去。 #As an unperfect actor on the stage,Who with his fear is put besides his part,Or some fierce thing replete with too much rage,Whose strength's abundance weakens his own heart; So I, for fear of trust, forget to sayThe perfect ceremony of love's right,And in mine own love's strength seem to decay,O'ercharged with burden of mine own love's might. O, let my books be then the eloquenceAnd dumb presagers of my speaking breast,Who plead for love, and look for recompense,More than that tongue that more hath more expressed. O, learn to read what silent love hath writ. To hear with eyes belongs to love's fine wit. #像没有经验的演员初次登台,慌里慌张,忘了该怎样来表演,又像猛兽,狂暴地吼叫起来,过分的威力反而使雄心发软;我,也因为缺乏自信而惶恐,竟忘了说出爱的完整的辞令,强烈的爱又把我压得太重,使我的爱力仿佛失去了热情。呵,但愿我无声的诗卷能够滔滔不绝地说出我满腔的语言,来为爱辩护,并且期待报酬,比那能言的舌头更为雄辩。 学会读缄默的爱情写下的诗吧; 用眼睛来听,方是爱情的睿智啊! # Mine eye hath played the painter and hath steeledThy beauty's form in table of my heart;My body is the frame wherein 'tis held,And perspective it is best painter's art,For through the painter must you see his skill,To find where your true image pictured lies,Which in my bosom's shop is hanging still,That hath his windows glazed with thine eyes.Now see what good turns eyes for eyes have done:Mine eyes have drawn thy shape, and thine for meAre windows to my breast, wherethrough the sunDelights to peep, to gaze therein on thee. Yet eyes this cunning want to grace their art, They draw but what they see, know not the heart. #我的眼睛扮演了画师,把你美丽的形象刻画在我的心版上;围在四周的画框是我的躯体,也是透视法,高明画师的专长。你必须透过画师去看他的绝技,找你的真像被画在什么地方,那画像永远挂在我胸膛的店里,店就有你的眼睛做两扇明窗。看眼睛跟眼睛相帮了多大的忙:我的眼睛画下了你的形体,你的眼睛给我的胸膛开了窗,太阳也爱探头到窗口来看你; 我眼睛还缺乏画骨传神的本领, 只会见什么画什么,不了解心灵。 #Let those who are in favor with their starsOf public honor and proud titles boast,Whilst I whom fortune of such triumph bars,Unlooked for joy in that I honor most.Great princes' favourites their fair leaves spreadBut as the marigold at the sun's eye,And in themselves their pride lies buried,For at a frown they in their glory die.The painful warrior famoused for might,After a thousand victories once foiled,Is from the book of honor rased quite,And all the rest forgot for which he toiled. Then happy I that love and am beloved Where I may not remove, nor be removed. #那些被天上星辰祝福的人们尽可以凭借荣誉与高衔而自负,我呢,本来命定没这种幸运,不料得到了我引为光荣的幸福。帝王的宠臣把美丽的花瓣大张,但是,正如太阳眼前的向日葵,人家一皱眉,他们的荣幸全灭亡,他们的威风同本人全化做尘灰。辛苦的将士,素以骁勇称著,打了千百次胜仗,一旦败绩,就立刻被人逐出荣誉的纪录簿,过去的功劳也被人统统忘记: 我就幸福了,爱着人又为人所爱, 这样,我是固定了,也没人能改。 #Lord of my love, to whom in vassalageThy merit hath my duty strongly knit,To thee I send this written ambassage,To witness duty, not to show my wit.Duty so great, which wit so poor as mineMay make seem bare, in wanting words to show it,But that I hope some good conceit of thineIn thy soul's thought, all naked, will bestow it;Till whatsoever star that guides my movingPoints on me graciously with fair aspect,And puts apparel on my tottered lovingTo show me worthy of thy sweet respect. Then may I dare to boast how I do love thee; Till then, not show my head where thou mayst prove me. #我爱的主呵,你的高尚的道德使我这臣属的忠诚与你紧系,我向你派遣这位手书的使者,来证实我忠诚,不是来炫耀才力。忠诚这么大,可我的才力不中用——没词语来表达,使忠诚显得贫乏;但是,我希望在你深思的灵魂中,有坦率可亲的好念头会来收藏它:要等到哪一颗引导我行程的星宿和颜悦色地给我指出了好运气,并给我褴褛的爱心穿上了锦裘,以表示我配承受你关注的美意: 到那时,我才敢夸说我爱你多深, 才愿显示我能给你考验的灵魂。 #Weary with toil, I haste me to my bed,The dear repose for limbs with travel tired,But then begins a journey in my headTo work my mind when body's work's expired;For then my thoughts, from far where I abide,Intend a zealous pilgrimage to thee,And keep my drooping eyelids open wide,Looking on darkness which the blind do see;Save that my soul's imaginary sightPresents thy shadow to my sightless view,Which like a jewel hung in ghastly night,Makes black night beauteous and her old face new. Lo, thus, by day my limbs, by night my mind, For thee, and for myself, no quiet find. #劳动使我疲倦了,我急忙上床,来好好安歇我旅途劳顿的四肢;但是,脑子的旅行又随即开场,劳力刚刚完毕,劳心又开始;这时候,我的思念就不辞遥远,从我这儿热衷地飞到你身畔,又使我睁开着沉重欲垂的眼帘,凝视着盲人也能见到的黑暗:终于,我的心灵使你的幻像鲜明地映上我眼前的一片乌青,好像宝石在可怕的夜空放光,黑夜的古旧面貌也焕然一新。 看,我白天劳力,夜里劳心, 为你,为我自己,我不得安宁。 #How can I then return in happy plightThat am debarred the benefit of rest,When day's oppression is not eased by night,But day by night and night by day oppressed,And each, though enemies to either's reign,Do in consent shake hands to torture me,The one by toil, the other to complainHow far I toil, still farther off from thee?I tell the day, to please him, thou art brightAnd dost him grace when clouds do blot the heaven;So flatter I the swart-complexioned night,When sparkling stars twire not, thou gild'st the even. But day doth daily draw my sorrows longer, And night doth nightly make grief's length seem stronger. #既然我休息的福分已被剥夺,我又怎能在快乐的心情中归来?既然夜里我挣不脱白天的压迫,只是在日日夜夜的循环中遭灾?日和夜,虽然统治着敌对的地盘,却互相握手,联合着把我虐待,白天叫我劳苦,黑夜叫我抱怨我劳苦在远方,要跟你愈分愈开。我就讨好白天,说你辉煌灿烂,不怕乌云浓,你能把白天照亮:也恭维黑夜,说如果星星暗淡,你能把黑夜镀成一片金黄。 但白天天天延长着我的苦痛, 黑夜夜夜使我的悲哀加重。 #When, in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes,I all alone beweep my outcast state,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries,And look upon myself and curse my fate,Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,Featured like him, like him with friends possessed,Desiring this man's art, and that man's scope,With what I most enjoy contented least;Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,Haply I think on thee, and then my state,Like to the lark at break of day arisingFrom sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; For thy sweet love rememb'red such wealth brings, That then I scorn to change my state with kings. #我一旦失去了幸福,又遭人白眼,就独自哭泣,怨人家把我抛弃,白白地用哭喊来麻烦聋耳的苍天,又看看自己,只痛恨时运不济,愿自己像人家那样;或前程远大,或一表人才,或胜友如云广交谊,想有这人的见识,那人的才华,于自己平素最得意的,倒最不满意;但在这几乎是自轻自贱的思绪里,我偶尔想到了你呵,——我的心怀顿时像破晓的云雀从阴郁的大地冲上了天门,歌唱起赞美诗来; 我怀着你的厚爱,如获至宝, 教我不屑把处境跟帝王对调。 #When to the sessions of sweet silent thoughtI summon up remembrance of things past,I sigh the lack of many a thing I sought,And with old woes new wail my dear Time's waste.Then can I drown an eye, unused to flow,For precious friends hid in death's dateless night,And weep afresh love's long since canceled woe,And moan th' expense of many a vanished sight;Then can I grieve at grievances foregone,And heavily from woe to woe tell o'erThe sad account of fore-bemoaned moan,Which I new pay as if not paid before. But if the while I think on thee, dear friend, All losses are restored and sorrows end. #我把对已往种种事情的回忆召唤到我这温柔的沉思的公堂,为没有求得的许多事物叹息,再度因时间摧毁了好宝贝而哀伤:于是我久干的眼睛又泪如泉涌,为的是好友们长眠在死的长夜里,我重新为爱的早已消去的苦痛和多少逝去的情景而落泪,叹息。于是我为过去的悲哀再悲哀,忧郁地数着一件件痛心的往事,把多少叹过的叹息计算出来,像没有偿还的债务,再还一次。 但是,我只要一想到你呵,好伙伴, 损失就挽回了,悲伤也烟消云散。 #Thy bosom is endeared with all heartsWhich I by lacking have supposed dead;And there reigns love and all love's loving parts,And all those friends which I thought buried.How many a holy and obsequious tearHath dear religious love stol'n from mine eye,As interest of the dead, which now appearBut things removed that hidden in there lie.Thou art the grave where buried love doth live,Hung with the trophies of my lovers gone,Who all their parts of me to thee did give;That due of many now is thine alone. Their images I loved I view in thee, And thou, all they, hast all the all of me. #多少颗赤心,我以为已经死灭,不想它们都珍藏在你的胸口,你胸中因而就充满爱和爱的一切,充满我以为埋了的多少好朋友。对死者追慕的热爱,从我眼睛里骗出了多少神圣的、哀悼的眼泪,而那些死者,如今看来,都只是搬了家罢了,都藏在你的体内!你是坟,葬了的爱就活在这坟里,里边挂着我多少亡友的纪念章,每人都把我对他的一份爱给了你;多少人应得的爱就全在你身上: 我在你身上见到了他们的面影, 你(他们全体)得了我整个的爱情。 #If thou survive my well-contented day,When that churl Death my bones with dust shall cover,And shalt by fortune once more resurveyThese poor rude lines of thy deceased lover,Compare them with the bett'ring of the time,And though they be outstripped by every pen,Reserve them for my love, not for their rhyme,Exceeded by the height of happier men.O, then vouchsafe me but this loving thought:'Had my friend's Muse grown with this growing age,A dearer birth than this his love had brought,To march in ranks of better equipage; But since he died and poets better prove, Theirs for their style I'll read, his for his love.’ #如果我活够了年岁,让粗鄙的死把黄土盖上我骨头,而你还健康,并且,你偶尔又重新翻阅我的诗——你已故爱友的粗糙潦草的诗行,请拿你当代更好的诗句来比较;尽管每一句都胜过我的作品,保存我的吧,为我的爱,论技巧——我不如更加幸福的人们高明。呵,还望你多赐厚爱,这样想:“如果我朋友的诗才随时代发展,他的爱一定会产生更好的诗章,和更有诗才的行列同步向前: 但自从他一死、诗人们进步了以来, 我读别人的文笔,却读他的爱。” #Full many a glorious morning have I seenFlatter the mountain tops with sovereign eye,Kissing with golden face the meadows green,Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy;Anon permit the basest clouds to rideWith ugly rack on his celestial face,And from the forlorn world his visage hide,Stealing unseen to west with this disgrace.Even so my sun one early morn did shine,With all triumphant splendor on my brow;But out alack, he was but one hour mine,The region cloud hath masked him from me now. Yet him for this my love no whit disdaineth; Suns of the world may stain when heaven's sun staineth. #多少次我看见,在明媚灿烂的早晨,庄严的太阳用目光抚爱着山冈,他金光满面,亲吻着片片绿茵,灰暗的溪水也照得金碧辉煌;忽然,他让低贱的乌云连同丑恶的云影驰上他神圣的容颜,使人世寂寞,看不见他的面孔,同时他偷偷地西沉,带着污点:同样,我的太阳在一天清晨把万丈光芒射到我额角上来;可是唉!他只属于我片刻光阴,上空的乌云早把他和我隔开。 对于他,我的爱丝毫不因此冷淡; 世上的太阳同天上的一样,也会暗。 #Why didst thou promise such a beauteous day,And make me travel forth without my cloak,To let base clouds o'ertake me in my way,Hiding thy brav’ry in their rotten smoke?'Tis not enough that through the cloud thou break,To dry the rain on my storm-beaten face,For no man well of such a salve can speak,That heals the wound, and cures not the disgrace.Nor can thy shame give physic to my grief;Though thou repent, yet I have still the loss.Th' offender's sorrow lends but weak reliefTo him that bears the strong offense's cross. Ah, but those tears are pearl which thy love sheds, And they are rich and ransom all ill deeds. #为什么你许给这么明丽的天光,使我在仆仆的征途上不带外套,以便让低云把我在中途赶上,又在霉烟中把你的光芒藏掉?尽管你再冲破了乌云,把暴风打在我脸上的雨点晒干也无效,因为没人会称道这一种只能医好肉伤而医不好心伤的油膏:你的羞耻心也难医我的伤心;哪怕你后悔,我的损失可没少:害人精尽管悔恨,不大会减轻被害人心头强烈苦痛的煎熬。 但是啊!你的爱洒下的眼泪是珍珠, 一串串,赎回了你的所有的坏处。 #No more be grieved at that which thou hast done:Roses have thorns, and silver fountains mud,Clouds and eclipses stain both moon and sun,And loathsome canker lives in sweetest bud.All men make faults, and even I in this,Authorizing thy trespass with compare,Myself corrupting, salving thy amiss,Excusing thy sins more than thy sins are;For to thy sensual fault I bring in sense—Thy adverse party is thy advocate—And 'gainst myself a lawful plea commence.Such civil war is in my love and hate That I an accessory needs must be To that sweet thief which sourly robs from me. #别再为你所干了的事情悲伤:玫瑰有刺儿,银泉也带有泥浆;晦食和乌云会玷污太阳和月亮,可恶的蛀虫也要在娇蕾里生长。没有人不犯错误,我也犯错误——我方才用比喻使你的罪过合法,我为你文过饰非,让自己贪污,对你的罪恶给予过分的宽大:我用明智来开脱你的荒唐,(你的原告做了你的辩护士,)我对我自己起诉,跟自己打仗:我的爱和恨就这样内战不止—— 使得我只好做从犯,从属于那位 冷酷地抢劫了我的可爱的小贼。 #Let me confess that we two must be twain,Although our undivided loves are one.So shall those blots that do with me remain,Without thy help, by me be borne alone.In our two loves there is but one respect,Though in our lives a separable spite,Which though it alter not love's sole effect,Yet doth it steal sweet hours from love's delight.I may not evermore acknowledge thee,Lest my bewailed guilt should do thee shame;Nor thou with public kindness honor me,Unless thou take that honor from thy name. But do not so; I love thee in such sort As, thou being mine, mine is thy good report. #让我承认,我们俩得做两个人,尽管我们的爱是一个,分不开:这样,留在我身上的这些污痕,不用你帮忙,我可以独自担待。我们的两个爱只有一个中心,可是厄运又把我们俩拆散,这虽然变不了爱的专一,纯真,却能够偷掉爱的欢悦的时间。最好我老不承认你我的友情,我悲叹的罪过就不会使你蒙羞;你也别给我公开礼遇的荣幸,除非你从你名字上把荣幸拿走: 但是别这样;我这么爱你,我想: 你既然是我的,我就有你的名望。 #As a decrepit father takes delightTo see his active child do deeds of youth,So I, made lame by Fortune's dearest spite,Take all my comfort of thy worth and truth.For whether beauty, birth, or wealth, or wit,Or any of these all, or all, or more,Entitled in their parts do crowned sit,I make my love engrafted to this store.So then I am not lame, poor, nor despisedWhilst that this shadow doth such substance giveThat I in thy abundance am sufficedAnd by a part of all thy glory live. Look what is best, that best I wish in thee. This wish I have, then ten times happy me! #正像衰老的父亲,见到下一代活跃于青春的事业,就兴高采烈,我虽然受到最大厄运的残害,却也从你的真与德得到了慰藉;因为不论美、出身、财富,或智力,或其中之一,或全部,或还不止,都已经在你的身上登峰造极,我就教我的爱接上这宝库的丫枝:既然我从你的丰盈获得了满足,又凭着你全部光荣的一份而生活,那么这想象的影子变成了实物,我就不残废也不穷,再没人小看我。 看种种极致,我希望你能够获得; 这希望实现了;所以我十倍地快乐! #How can my Muse want subject to invent,While thou dost breathe, that pour'st into my verseThine own sweet argument, too excellentFor every vulgar paper to rehearse?O, give thyself the thanks, if aught in meWorthy perusal stand against thy sight;For who's so dumb that cannot write to theeWhen thou thyself dost give invention light? Be thou the tenth Muse, ten times more in worthThan those old nine which rhymers invocate;And he that calls on thee, let him bring forthEternal numbers to outlive long date. If my slight Muse do please these curious days, The pain be mine, but thine shall be the praise. #我的缪斯怎么会缺少主题——既然你呼吸着,你本身是诗的意趣,倾注到我诗中,是这样精妙美丽,不配让凡夫俗子的纸笔来宣叙?如果我诗中有几句值得你看或者念,呵,你得感谢你自己;你自己给了人家创作的灵感,谁是哑巴,不会写好了献给你?比那被诗匠祈求的九位老缪斯,你要强十倍,你做第十位缪斯吧;而召唤你的诗人呢,让他从此献出超越时间的不朽的好诗吧。 苛刻的当代如满意我的小缪斯, 辛苦是我的,而你的将是赞美 #O, how thy worth with manners may I sing,When thou art all the better part of me?What can mine own praise to mine own self bring,And what is't but mine own when I praise thee?Even for this, let us divided live,And our dear love lose name of single one,That by this separation I may giveThat due to thee which thou deserv'st alone.O, absence, what a torment wouldst thou prove,Were it not thy sour leisure gave sweet leaveTo entertain the time with thoughts of love,Which time and thoughts so sweetly dost deceive, And that thou teachest how to make one twain By praising him here who doth hence remain. #呵,你原是半个我,那较大的半个,我怎能把你的才德歌颂得有礼貌?我怎能厚颜地自己称赞自己呢?我称赞你好,不就是把自己抬高?就为了这一点,也得让我们分离,让我们的爱不再有合一的名分,只有这样分开了,我才能把你应当独得的赞美给你——一个人。“隔离”呵,你将要给我多大的苦痛,要不是你许我用爱的甜蜜的思想来消磨你那令人难挨的闲空,让我在思念的光阴中把痛苦遗忘, 要不是你教了我怎样变一个为一对, 方法是在这儿对留在那儿的他赞美! #Take all my loves, my love, yea take them all;What hast thou then more than thou hadst before?No love, my love, that thou mayst true love call;All mine was thine, before thou hadst this more.Then if for my love thou my love receivest,I cannot blame thee for my love thou usest;But yet be blamed, if thou this self deceivestBy willful taste of what thyself refusest.I do forgive thy robb'ry, gentle thief,Although thou steal thee all my poverty;And yet love knows it is a greater griefTo bear love's wrong than hate's known injury. Lascivious grace, in whom all ill well shows, Kill me with spites; yet we must not be foes. #把我对别人的爱全拿去吧,爱人;你拿了,能比你原先多点儿什么?你拿不到你唤做真爱的爱的,爱人;你就不拿,我的也全都是你的。那么假如你为爱我而接受我的爱,我不能因为你使用我的爱而怪你;但仍要怪你,如果你欺骗起自己来,故意去尝味你自己拒绝的东西。虽然你把我仅有的一切都抢走了,我还是饶恕你的,温良的盗贼;不过,爱懂得,爱的缺德比恨的公开的损害要使人痛苦多少倍。 风流的美呵,你的恶也显得温文。 不过,恨杀我,我们也不能做仇人。 #Those pretty wrongs that liberty commits,When I am sometime absent from thy heart,Thy beauty and thy years full well befits,For still temptation follows where thou art.Gentle thou art, and therefore to be won;Beauteous thou art, therefore to be assailed;And when a woman woos, what woman's sonWill sourly leave her till she have prevailed?Ay me, but yet thou might'st my seat forbear,And chide thy beauty and thy straying youth,Who lead thee in their riot even thereWhere thou art forced to break a twofold truth: Hers, by thy beauty tempting her to thee, Thine, by thy beauty being false to me. #有时候你心中没有了我这个人,就发生风流孽障,放纵的行为,这些全适合你的美和你的年龄,因为诱惑还始终跟在你周围。你温良,就任凭人家把你占有,你美丽,就任凭人家向你进攻;哪个女人的儿子会掉头就走,不理睬女人的求爱,不让她成功?可是天!你可能不侵犯我的席位,而责备你的美和你迷路的青春,不让它们在放荡中领着你闹是非,迫使你去破坏双重的信约,誓盟—— 去毁她的约:你美,就把她骗到手, 去毁你的约:你美,就对我不忠厚。 #That thou hast her, it is not all my grief,And yet it may be said I loved her dearly;That she hath thee is of my wailing chief,A loss in love that touches me more nearly. Loving offenders, thus I will excuse ye:Thou dost love her, because thou know'st I love her,And for my sake even so doth she abuse me,Suff'ring my friend for my sake to approve her.If I lose thee, my loss is my love's gain,And losing her, my friend hath found that loss:Both find each other, and I lose both twain,And both for my sake lay on me this cross. But here's the joy: my friend and I are one; Sweet flattery! Then she loves but me alone. #你把她占有了,这不是我全部的悲哀,不过也可以说我爱她爱得挺热烈;她把你占有了,才使我痛哭起来,失去了这份爱,就教我更加悲切。爱的伤害者,我愿意原谅你们:——你爱她,正因为你知道我对她有情;同样,她也是为了我而把我欺凌,而容许我朋友为了我而跟她亲近。失去你,这损失是我的情人的获得,失去她,我的朋友又找到了那损失;你们互相占有了,我丢了两个,你们两个都为了我而给我大苦吃: 但这儿乐了;我朋友跟我是一体; 她也就只爱我了;这好话真甜蜜! #When most I wink, then do mine eyes best see,For all the day they view things unrespected,But when I sleep, in dreams they look on theeAnd, darkly bright, are bright in dark directed.Then thou, whose shadow shadows doth make bright,How would thy shadow's form form happy showTo the clear day with thy much clearer light,When to unseeing eyes thy shade shines so!How would, I say, mine eyes be blessed made,By looking on thee in the living day,When in dead night thy fair imperfect shadeThrough heavy sleep on sightless eyes doth stay! All days are nights to see till I see thee, And nights bright days when dreams do show thee me. #我的眼睛要闭拢了才看得有力,因为在白天只看到平凡的景象;但是我睡了,在梦里它们就看见你,它们亮而黑,天黑了才能看得亮;你的幻影能够教黑影都亮起来,能够对闭着的眼睛放射出光芒,那么你——幻影的本体,比白天更白,又怎能在白天展示白皙的形相!你的残缺的美影在死寂的夜里能透过酣睡,射上如盲的两眼,那么我眼睛要怎样才有福气能够在活跃的白天把你观看? 不见你,个个白天是漆黑的黑夜, 梦里见到你,夜夜放白天的光烨! #If the dull substance of my flesh were thought,Injurious distance should not stop my way,For then despite of space I would be brought,From limits far remote, where thou dost stay. No matter then although my foot did standUpon the farthest earth removed from thee;For nimble thought can jump both sea and land,As soon as think the place where he would be. But, ah, thought kills me that I am not thought,To leap large lengths of miles when thou art gone,But that so much of earth and water wrought,I must attend time's leisure with my moan, Receiving naught by elements so slow But heavy tears, badges of either's woe. #那距离远得害人,我也要出发,只要我这个笨重的肉体是思想;这时顾不得远近了,从海角天涯我也要赶往你所待着的地方。那没有关系的,虽然我的脚站在这块土地上,离开你非常遥远,敏捷的思想能跃过大陆跟大海,只要一想到自己能到达的地点。但是啊!思想在绞杀我:我不是思想——你去了,我不能飞渡关山来追踪,反而,我是土和水做成的,这样,我只得用叹息,来伺候无聊的闲空; 俩元素这么纯,拿不出任何东西, 除了泪如雨,两者的悲哀的标记。 #The other two, slight air and purging fire,Are both with thee, wherever I abide;The first my thought, the other my desire,These present-absent with swift motion slide.For when these quicker elements are goneIn tender embassy of love to thee,My life, being made of four, with two aloneSinks down to death, oppressed with melancholy;Until life's composition be recuredBy those swift messengers returned from thee,Who even but now come back again, assuredOf thy fair health, recounting it to me. This told, I joy, but then no longer glad, I send them back again, and straight grow sad. #我另外两个元素,轻风和净火,不论我待在哪里,都跟在你身旁;这些出席的缺席者,来去得灵活,风乃是我的思想,火,我的渴望。只要这两个灵活的元素离开我到你那儿去做温柔的爱的使者,我这四元素的生命,只剩了两个,就沉向死亡,因为被忧伤所压迫;两位飞行使者总会从你那儿飞回来使我生命的结构复元,甚至现在就回来,回到我这儿,对我保证,说你没什么,挺康健: 我一听就乐了;可是快乐得不久, 我派遣他们再去,就马上又哀愁。 屠 岸 译